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Full text of ' r SOME FAVOURITE BOOKS AND THEIR AUTHORS COMPANION VOLUMES COMPILED BY JOSEPH SHAYLOR Price 35. THE PLEASURES OF LITERATURE AND THE SOLACE OF BOOKS WITH INTRODUCTION BY ANDREW LANG SECOND EDITION NOW READY 'Mr. Shaylor's extracts are judiciously chosen, and Mr. Andrew Lang's amusing introduction is well worth the money itself.'
'It is the little band of lovers which will prize Mr. Shaylor's )od i.' Shaylor is to be thanked for his appetising pages.
SAUNTERINGS IN BOOKLAND With Gleanings by the Way EACH VOLUME HAS A FRONTISPIECE IN HELIO- GRAVURE FROM PICTURES BY MEISSONIER. SOME FAVOURITE BOOKS AND THEIR AUTHORS. With Biographical Sketches and Illustrative Extracts -.+ By JOSEPH SHAYLOR, Compiler of 'The Pleasures of Literature n and. Saunterings in Bookland n LONDON ^ GRANT RICHARDS 9 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN, W.C. ^.+.+ 1901 Printed by BALI.ANTYNE, HANSON 6r Co.
At the Ballantyne Press r THIS BOOK IS DEDICATED IN ALL SINCERITY TO MY MANY FRIENDS J. R 2055330 PREFACE THE aim of the compiler of this volume is to lay before the reader a few interesting facts and details relating to fifty well-known books, together with some account of their author- ship. Accompanying these slight biographical sketches an extract is given from what is thought to be the particular author's best- known book. This extract, it is hoped, will prove an incentive to readers to peruse and study the entire work for themselves.
The various books have been selected in accordance with the consensus of opinion which has placed them, according to their particular class, in the forefront of books that should be read, and also for their universal popularity. They are not chosen as the fifty viii Preface best books, but in any selection made upon this basis most of them would undoubtedly find a place. The, present volume makes no pretensions to be an authoritative work on either biog- raphy or bibliography, neither is it intended for' the expert in classic lore, but as a suc- cinct account of some popular authors and their works. Doubtless others besides the com- piler are aware how little is frequently known respecting the author of a book, although the reader may be quite familiar with the work itself.
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This applies to those who are closely associated with books as well as to the general reader, and if this compilation directs its readers to a good biographical dictionary, or better still to the lives of the auttibrs mentioned, it will have answered the end which the compiler had in view. The names of the various authors have been arranged Preface i.
in alphabetical order; it has therefore been considered unnecessary to give a detailed index, and as the biographical and biblio- graphical facts have been gleaned from many sources, it has been found quite impossible to give a list of the different authorities con- sulted. In gleaning this information it has surprised the compiler to find how many and how varied are the accounts of the dates re- specting the birth, death, and the details of the lives of the different authors selected, which are found in the works of reference consulted, but in all cases what has been considered the highest authority has been the one which has been followed.
I beg here to tender my sincere thanks to Mr. George Allen for his kindness and courtesy in allowing me to use an extract from Ruskin's 'Modern Painters,' and also to Messrs. Macmillan & Co. For the readi- x Preface ness with which they consented to my using the selection from ' Alice's Adventures in Wonderland' and the twelve stanzas from Fitzgerald's translation of 'The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam.'
If by inadvertence I have used any copyright matter without consent or acknowledgment, I hope the intention not to do so will procure me a pardon for such a transgression. 52 GLOUCESTER ROAD, BROWNSWOOD PARK, N.
CONTENTS PAGE ADDISON, Joseph 1672-1719 I Antoninus, Marcus Aurelius 121- 180 9 Augustine, Saint 354- 430. H Bacon, Francis 1561-1626 19 Barbara, R. 25 Boswell, James 1740-1795. 29 Bronte, Charlotte 1816-1855 35 Browne, Sir Thomas 1605-1682 4i Bunyan, John. 46 Carlyle, Thomas 1795-1881 5' Cervantes, Miguel de 1547-1616 57 Chaucer, Geoffrey 1340-1400. 62 Dante, Alighieri 1265-1321 65 Darwin, Charles R.
1809-1882, 69 Defoe, Daniel. 76 De Quincey, Thomas 1785-1859. 82 Dickens, Charles 1812-1870. 88 Dodgson, Rev.
L. (Lewis Carroll) ) 1832-1898. 93 Eliot, George. 103 Emerson, R. 108 Fielding, Henry 1707-1754.
112 Gibbon, Edward 1737-1794. 119 Goethe, Johann W.
125 xii Contents PAGE Goldsmith, Oliver.; 1728-1774. 13 Holmes, O. 1809-1894 137 Homer B.C. 142 Keble, John 1792-1866.,. 148 Kempis, Thomas A 1380-1471 153 Lamb, Charles. 1775-1834 ' 159 Livius, Titus B.C. 17 I6 S Macaulay, Lord 1800-1859 171 Malory, Sir Thomas.
I8 5 Milton, John 1608-1674. I8 7 More, Sir Thomas. 189 Omar Khayyam 10.
196 Pepys, Samuel 1632-1703. 2OI Plato B.C.
206 Poe, Edgar Allan 1809-1849. 211 Richardson, Samuel. 217 Ruskin, John.
223 Scott, Sir Walter 1771-1832. 229 Shakespeare, William 1564-1616 235 Spenser, Edmund 1552-1599,. 240 Sterne, Laurence 1713-1768 245 Swift, Jonathan 1667-1745.
252 Tennyson, Lord. 1809-1892 257 Thackeray, W. 260 Virgil B.C. 268 Walton, Izaak.
274 White, Gilbert. 2 7 8 Some favourite Books and tbeir flutbors JOSEPH ADDISON 1672-1719 IT was of the essays and style of Addison that Dr. Johnson wrote: ' Whoever wishes to attain an Eng- lish style, familiar but not coarse, and elegant but not ostentatious, must give his days and nights to the volumes of Addison.' The re- cipient of this eulogy was born at Milston, Wiltshire, on the ist of May 1672, and was educated at the Charterhouse and afterwards at Oxford. At the Charterhouse he made the friendship of Richard Steele; it was here also that the The Spectator 1711-1712 JOSEPH ADDISON 1672-1719 Some Favourite Books The Spectator 1711-1712 JOSEPH ADDISON 1672-1719 foundation was laid of that style, which afterwards exhibited itself so conspicuously in the essays con- tributed to the Spectator. To the Tatter, which was started by Sir Richard Steele, Addison contributed about seventy-five papers; and upon that journal being discontinued it was succeeded by the Spectator, the first number being published on March i, 1711, and the last of the original series on December 6, 1712.
It was issued daily, and on some occasions the number sold was over 20,000 copies. In its pages was produced that literary record of a gentleman of the last century, Sir Roger de Coverley; and the whole tone of the periodical was to 'establish a rational stand- ard in morals, manners, art, and literature'; and unquestionably it largely succeeded in this object.
And their Authors For his poem commemorating the battle of Blenheim, Addison was appointed a commissioner on appeal for excise, and afterwards held several offices in the State. He was closely connected with Pope, Swift, Gray, and other literary associates of the famous Kit Kat Club. Addison died at Holland House on June 17, 1719. His body, after lying in state in the Jerusalem Chamber, was borne hence to Westminster Abbey, and buried at night. The following extract gives Sir Roger de Coverley's adventure with the gipsies: 'As I was yesterday riding out in the fields with my friend Sir Roger, we saw at a little distance from us, a troop of gipsies. Upon the first discovery of them, my The Spectator 1711-1712 JOSEPH ADDISON 1672-1719 Some Favourite Books The Spectator 171 1-1712 JOSEPH ADOISON 1672-1719 friend was in some doubt whether he should not exert the justice of the peace upon such a band of law- less vagrants; but not having his clerk with him, who is a necessary counsellor with him on these occa- sions, and fearing that his poultry might fare the worse for it, he let the thought drop but at the same time gave me a particular account of the mischiefs they do in the country, in stealing people's goods and spoiling their servants. ' If a stray piece of linen hangs upon a hedge,' says Sir Roger, 'they are sure to have it; if a hog loses his way in the fields, it is ten to one but he becomes their prey; our geese cannot live in peace for them; if a man prosecutes them with severity, his hen-roost is sure to pay for it.
They generally straggle into these parts about this time of the year; and their Authors and set the heads of our servant- maids so agog for husbands, that we do not expect to have any busi- ness done as it should be whilst they are in the country. I have an honest dairy-maid who crosses their hands with a piece of silver every summer, and never fails being pro- mised the handsomest young fellow in the parish for her pains. Your friend the butler has been fool enough to be seduced by them; and though he is sure to lose a knife, a fork, or a spoon every time his fortune is told him, generally shuts himself up in the pantry with an old gipsy for above half- an-hour once in a twelvemonth. Sweethearts are the things they live upon, which they bestow very plentifully upon all those that apply themselves to them.
You see now and then some hand- The Spectator 1711-1712 JOSEPH Aon i SON 1672-1719 Some Favourite Books The Spectator 1711-1712 JOSEPH ADDISON 1672-1719 some young jades among them; the sluts have often very white teeth and black eyes.' 'Sir Roger observing that I listened with great attention to his account of a people who were so entirely new to me, told me, that if I would, they should tell us our fortunes. As I was very well pleased with the knight's proposal, we rid up and commu- nicated our hands to them. A Cassandra of the crew, after hav- ing examined my lines very dili- gently, told me that I loved a pretty maid in a corner, that I was a good woman's man, with some other particulars which I do not think proper to relate. My friend Sir Roger alighted from his horse, and exposing his palm to two or three that stood by him, they crumpled it into all shapes, and diligently and their Authors scanned every wrinkle that could be made in it; when one of them, who was older and more sunburnt than the rest, told him that he had a widow in his line of life.
Upon which the knight cried, ' Go, go; you are an idle baggage; ' and at the same time smiled upon me. The gipsy finding that he was not displeased in his heart, told him after a farther inquiry into his hand, that his true love was constant, and that she should dream of him to-night. My old friend cried ' Pish!
' and bid her go on. The gipsy told him that he was a bachelor, but would not be so long; and that he was dearer to somebody than he thought. The knight still re- peated she was an idle baggage, and bid her go on. ' Ah, master,' says the gipsy, 'that roguish leer The Spectator 1711-1712 JOSEPH ADDISON 1672-1719 Some Favourite Books The Spectator 1711-1712 JOSEPH ADDISON 1672-1719 of yours makes a pretty woman's heart ache; you ha'nt that simper about the mouth for nothing.'
The uncouth gibberish with which all this was uttered, like the darkness of an oracle, made us the more attentive to it. To be short, the knight left the money with her that he had crossed her hand with, and got up again on his horse.' R and their Authors MARCUS AURELIUS ANTONINUS 121-180 EMPEROR of Rome and philoso- pher, Marcus Aurelius Antoninus was born April 26, 121. He was a prince of mild and excellent de- meanour, but devoted to paganism.
He, to his discredit, allowed the persecution of Christians during his reign. It appears singular that one so opposed to Christianity should have written a work so full of maxims, morals, and the conduct of life, as his book of Meditations. Wisdom, gentleness, and benevo- lence are combined in this manual, which many suppose was intended Medita- tions First PiiblisheJ MARCUS AURELIUS ANTONINUS 121-180 Some Favourite Books Medita- tions First Published MARCUS AURELIUS ANTONINUS 121-180 for the instruction of his son Corn- modus. It was originally written in Greek, the first edition being published at Zurich. It has been translated into many European languages, and in its English dress has been reckoned among our most cherished classics. At the age of eleven Marcus Aurelius assumed the dress of a philosopher, giving himself up to a laborious life and to the study of philosophy. His Reflections or Meditations show how much light had entered his mind, for while his life was full of military adventures and practical philosophy, his book proves that he recognised a divine power govern- ing the universe, and is a wonderful example of what may be termed a pagan's testimony to the truths of Christianity.
He died at Vindo- bona, Vienna, in 1 80. Nothing could and their Authors be finer than Edward Gibbons' esti- mate of his character in the 'Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire.' He says: ' The virtue of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus was of a severer and more laborious kind. It was the well-earned harvest of many a learned conference, of many a patient lecture, and many a mid- night lucubration. At the age of twelve years he embraced the rigid system of the Stoics, which taught him to submit his body to his mind, his passions to his reason; to consider virtue as the only good, vice as the only evil, all things external as things indifferent.
His Meditations, composed in the tumult of a camp, are still extant; and he even condescended to give lessons of philosophy in a more public manner than was perhaps con- sistent with the modesty of a sage, Medita- tions First Published 'Sf. MARCUS AURELIUS ANTONINUS 121-180 Some Favourite Books Medita- tions First Published I55S MARCUS AURELIUS ANTONINUS 121-180 or the dignity of an emperor.
But his life was the noblest commen- tary on the precepts of Zeno. He was severe to himself, indulgent to the imperfection of others, just and beneficent to all mankind. War he detested, as the disgrace and calamity of human nature; but when the necessity of a just defence called upon him to take up arms, he readily exposed his person to eight winter campaigns on the frozen banks of the Danube, the severity of which was at last fatal to the weakness of his constitu- tion. His memory was revered by a grateful posterity, and above a cen- tury after his death, many persons preserved the image of Marcus Antoninus, among those of their household gods.' Here are a few of his moral maxims: and their Authors 'That which has died falls not out of the universe.
If it stays here, it also changes here, and is dissolved into its proper parts, which are elements of the uni- verse and of thyself. And these too change, and they murmur not.' ' Everything exists for some end, a horse, a vine. Why dost thou wonder? Even the sun will say, I am for some purpose, and the rest of the gods will say the same. For what purpose then art thou? To enjoy pleasure?
See if common sense allows this.' ' Am I doing anything?
I do it with reference to the good of man- kind. Does anything happen to me? I receive it and refer it to the gods, and the source of all things, from which all that happens is derived.' Medita= tions First Published '55S MARCUS AURELIUS ANTONINUS 121-180 Some Favourite Books Con fessions 397 ST. AUGUS- TINE 354-430 ST. AUGUSTINE 354-430 THIS saint of the Ancient Church was born at Tagasta in Africa on November 13, 354; his father Patricius was a Pagan, but his mother Monica is known as a saintly Christian. Augustine was in early life a professor of rhetoric at Carthage, and after- wards at Rome; at Milan he came under the influence of St.
Am- brose, who converted him to the Christian faith. After receiving baptism from the hands of St. Ambrose he returned to Africa, where he distributed his estate among the poor of his native town. And their Authors He preached at Hippo with extra- ordinary success, and eventually became bishop of that place. Augustine entered into the con- troversies of his time, upon free will and predestination, with great warmth, and many learned and valuable treatises came from his pen. His powerful intellect, how- ever, produced nothing that has had such a lasting influence as his Confessions, which are partly auto- biographical as well as devotional. His biographer Possidius says that 'his great design in writing this famous work, was that men should not think more highly of him than he deserved.'
Augustine lived in a com- munity with his clergy, and died on August 28, 430. The value of memory, and its aid towards higher Con= fessions 397 ST.
AUGUS- TINE 354-43 i6 Some Favourite Books Con= fessions 397 ST. AUGUS- TINE 354-430 things, is the burden of the follow- ing confession: ' Great is the power of memory, a fearful thing, O my God, a deep and boundless manifoldness; and this thing is the mind, and this am I myself. What am I then, O my God? What nature am I?
A life various and manifold, and exceed- ing immense. Behold in the plains, and caves, and caverns of my memory, innumerable and innumer- ably full of innumerable kinds of things, either through images, as all bodies; or by actual presence, as the arts; or by certain notions or impressions, as the affections of the mind, which, even when the mind doth not feel, the memory retaineth, while yet whatsoever is in the memory is also in the mind over all these do I run, I fly; I dive on this side and on that, as far as I and their Authors can, and there is no end. So great is the force of memory, so great the force of life, even in the mortal life of man. What shall I do then, O Thou my true life, my God? I will pass even beyond this power of mine which is called memory; yea, I will pass beyond it, that I may approach unto Thee, O sweet Light. What sayest Thou to me? See, I am mounting up through my mind towards Thee who abidest above me.
Yea, I now will pass beyond this power of mine which is called memory, desirous to arrive at Thee, whence Thou mayest be arrived at; and to cleave unto Thee, whence one may cleave unto Thee. For even beasts and birds have memory; else could they not return to their dens and nests, nor many other things they are used unto: nor indeed could they be used to Con- fessions 397 ST. AUGUS- TINE 354-43 i8 Some Favourite Books Con= fessions 397 ST. AUGUS- TINE 354-430 anything but by memory. I will pass then beyond memory also, that I may arrive at Him who hath separated me from the four- footed beasts and made me wiser than the fowl of the air. I will pass beyond memory also, and where shall I find Thee, Thou truly good and certain sweetness? And where shall I find Thee?
If I find Thee without my memory then do I not retain Thee in my memory? And how shall 1 find Thee if I remember Thee not? ' and their Authors FRANCIS BACON 1561-1626 THE first book published by this, perhaps the greatest of modern phil- osophers, was the book of Essays, which brought the mind of Lord Bacon into immediate contact with the minds of ordinary readers. Francis Bacon, Baron Verulam, was born at York House, in the Strand, on the 22nd January 1561, and from early life was destined for a distinguished position in the State. When quite young he came under the notice of Queen Eliza- beth, who called him her young lord keeper.
His talents and wit eventually raised him to the posi- Essays 1597 FRANCIS BACON 1561-1626 Some Favourite Books Essays 1597 FRANCIS BACON 1561-1626 tion of Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, and while occupying this position he was tried and con- demned for bribery. As a result he was deprived of office, fined,40,000, and imprisoned in the Tower, his sentence being after- wards mitigated by James I. As the author of Novum Organum and the 'Advancement of Learn- ing,' he occupied the foremost place in science and the world of letters, but in the Essays he writes as a looker-on at the game of human affairs, and is thus able to give wise and faithful counsel in correcting the mistakes he observes. Bacon's life was full of high thoughts, and his industry led him to the ad- vancement of knowledge both of the works of Nature and of the discovery of all that could be rendered serviceable to mankind. And their Authors Bacon died at Highgate on April 9, 1626, in the sixty-fifth year of his age, and was buried in St. Michael's Church, St.
His discourse 'Of Study' is one of the most delightful of his essays. 'Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use, for delight, is in private- ness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposi- tion of business; for expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best from those that are learned. 'To spend too much time in Studies, is sloth: to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humour of a scholar; Essays 1597 FRANCIS BACON 1561-1626 Some Favourite Books Essays '597 FRANCIS BACON 1561-1626 they perfect nature, and are per- fected by experience; for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning by study; and Studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Crafty men contemn Studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them and above them, won by observation. 'Read not to contradict and con- fute, nor to believe and take for granted, nor to find talk and dis- course, but to weigh and consider.
Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read but not curiously; and some few to and their Authors be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and ex- tracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments and the meaner sort of books; else dis- tilled books are like common distilled waters, flashy things. Reading maketh a full man; con- ference a ready man; and writing an exact man; and, therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know that he doth not.
We have something for donators. And we have something for none donators. We have website store that is added manual so none can do anything to us ever. We have free 80 gear and many other free items to start you off easy. Hade account for mastershaiya? We might have it in our database even now. Hade account in The Myth Of Shaiya.
When we hade it? Up to 6th of novemeber 2012 ask us we might have your account saved up even now:-) Get back to the fun we always have. Be the one, the god we all wants to be this server have: Naked every month for lvl 80, here it's not how you linked or how good items you have that count, it's the skills and ranks actualy. We have a home made item that will make this game fun for years, you found your self in the same thing?
Always when you finaly get the items you want there is a new one out and you have to start all over again? We fixed that, there is an item ingame now that will put more orange stats on your gear (done manualy as we all know many games get ppl that cheat, and as we are an old old server we have old accounts with alot of bad items on them, dp and stuff we can't check untill it's used) so we can check ppl before that can do any harm:-).
Well anyway, this item will give you more orange stats then GMRR can and you can choose where to put this stats so you can make your perfect gear and weap how you realy want them no matter what GMRR gives you. This means also if there ever will be a new gear out you still have a better gear then the new one. So you can still be in pvp and work ont he new gear in secret:-), this special item made the game we love even better. We hade a poll, our players woted and all liked the idea and made them want to play more then wanted to quit and leave.
This even game old'ies stuff to do. If you played in 4 years you still hade stuff to do in the game tell me who have that in a private server? Again i just have to say it. We are the only 1 that can give you the shaiya experience if you love shaiya 5x edition we are the only 1 that you know will still stay here year in and year out no matter what other ppl can pull on us we just keep on deliver what we know. Don't worry about ddos, hacking no matter what bad ppl can pull on us we are still here just providing you with the best drug ever (game play):-P ep 5x there is no other that even have a slight chance we have been here longest, we are the one and only.
All other that tried failed. We are the longest living 5.x edition of shaiya out there. Why not ep 6?
You realy wanted robots and chain saw and so on in shaiya? We don't our promo video: that promo is a bit old now but still have alot of the same. Gonna give this server a free bump. I've been playing here around 5 months or so.
It's actually a shame it doesn't get more advertising here. It's one of the best servers I've played, if not the best. It is always up, literally. Out of the 5 months I've been playing, it has only actually been down a couple times for something that wasn't mait. Server used to have lag/dc issues, but they recently moved to a new host, and it has been really nice actually. Gearing up is fairly easy.
I won't tell you that you will log in, and be maxed 1 week later, but what server can you say this about? Personally I find this server 10x easier to get maxed out on than some 'pvp' servers where you have to pvp in crappy gear for a year to get enough DP/drops to be maxed out. Gear in AH is quite cheap, especially weapons, with the only exception being tops. They are semi expensive, but certainly not out of reach. They have made it a bit easier to farm DP in game.
The drop rate used to be 2%, and they have changed it to 8%. If I really wanted to, I could farm over 75,000 dp in a day, which is A LOT. I wouldn't expect a noob to do this though. I would say getting an 80 set, and linking it with lvl 9s, is simple. There is no donator advantage. In fact, you have access to 100% of the stuff donators have access to, if you farm. Tickets are done within 24 hours.
Yes, you don't have to wait 2-3 days, or 3 months to get a response on your ticket. I put a ticket for a GM reroll in once, and it was done 5 minutes later. Though, you dont have to send in tickets for those anymore. There is an NPC in game that GM Rerolls items. If I had to give a con, I would say that I have seen some better choices for GS's. They are not horrible, but some don't really seem interested in being a GS for anything other than free DP, which is meh.
Although, they don't seem to last long as GS. So if you haven't tried it, I would give it a shot. If you have tried it, and thought it was a bit too hard, I'd give it another shot.